Bioaccumulation of mercury, cadmium, zinc, chromium, and. Aug 03, 2016 accumulation of heavy metals in fishes of freshwater 1 1. Estimated daily intake of heavy metals was calculated by mean fish consumption rate 19. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish hydrocynus forskahlii, hyperopisus bebe occidentalis and clarias gariepinus organs in downstream ogun coastal water, nigeria article pdf available. These limits are designed to ensure public health and safety when eating. In the present study, some heavy metals cd, cr, cu, fe, ni and pb were seasonally determined in water, sediment and some tissues of cyprinus carpio from avsar dam lake, which is an important water source for irrigation and drinking in turkey.
Heavy meals concentrations in the aquatic organism depict the past as. Accumulation of heavy metals in fishes of freshwater 1. The fish sample, clarias gariepinus was collected from odoayo river in adoekiti, ekiti state, nigeria. Heavy metal accumulation in certain marine animals along the. Analysis of heavy metals in water, sediments and fish samples. The objective of the present study is to determine the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in various organs of the fresh water fish exposed to heavy metal contaminated water system. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish from the chi river. Pdf heavy metals contents of some synthetic fish feeds. Pdf bioaccumulation of heavy metals in some tissues of. F zoology department of zoology university of delhi may, 2016 2. Determination of heavy metals in selected fish species.
Bioaccumulation, heavy metals, feeding habits, carnivorous fish. Introduction fish accumulate toxic chemicals such as heavy metals directly from water and diet, and contaminant residues may ultimately reach concentrations hundreds or thousands of times above those measured in the water, sediment and food osman et al. The bioaccumulation of heavy metals varied between species, ages, sex and organs. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish tilapia zilli and clarias gariepinus organs from river benue, north. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in some tissues of fish in lake geriyo, adamawa state, nigeria article pdf available in journal of environmental and public health 20181. The progress of industries has led to the increased of pollutants emission into the ecosystems. Analysis of heavy metal concentrations in tilapia fish. S school of engineering,hosur road, near electronic city, bangalore100,india. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish clarias gariepinus. The study area was chosen to be the borsola beel located near rehabari area of.
Our findings suggest that omnivorous fish may bioaccumulate more heavy metals than the carnivorous fish in natural habitats. Lead and cadmium levels in ubeji river significantly. Heavy metals are known to cause deleterious effects on human health through food chain. Fish are constantly exposed to chemicals in polluted and contaminated waters. The experimental fish was exposed to cr, ni, cd and pb at sublethal concentrations for periods of 32 days. The monitoring of metal concentrations in fish meat is therefore important to ensure compliance. Whole body of five fish species puntius ticto, puntius sophore, puntius chola, labeo rohita and glossogobius giuris were analyzed which contained various concentrations of cd, as, pb, cr. This paper assesses the potential human health risks posed by five heavy metals zn, pb, cu, cd, and cr found in seven most consumable fish. Flesh possessed the lowest concentration of all the metals. Introduction freshwater ecosystems are a subset of earths aquatic ecosystems. Heavy metals in commercial fish in new jersey environ res 2005. The glutathione metabolism contains crucial antioxidant molecules to defend the organisms against oxidants. Determination of heavy metal concentration in fish samples.
Owubu creek received effluents such as agric ultural runoff, from farm lands, adjourning and oil spill from nigeria agip. Heavy metal bioaccumulation in edible fish species from an. What is the permissible limit of heavy metals and trace. The present study aimed to determine the concentration of heavy metals in african catfish c. Whereas, topping 1973 suggested that mainly plankton feeding fish contain much higher concentrations of some heavy metals than bottom feeding fish. In general, the target tissues of heavy metals are metabolic active ones which accumulate high levels of metal in fish such as liver and gills, whereas in muscles where the metabolic activity is relatively low accumulates less level of heavy metals. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the response of the glutathione metabolism in the liver of freshwater fish oreochromis niloticus exposed to metals cu, cd, cr, pb, zn in different periods. Bioaccumulation and potential sources of heavy metal. The low saturated fat and sufficient omega fatty acids in fish are also important in supporting good human health. Industrial wastes containing heavy metals on entering aquatic environment causes biochemical disturbances in the fish ansah et al.
The potential toxicity of metals in water may have detrimental effects on the biochemical processes of aquatic organisms, especially fish, which serve as a source of protein in the proteindeficient nigerian diet. Heavy metals hm are natural trace components of the aquatic environment, but their levels have been increased due to industrial wastes, geochemical structure, agricultural and mining activities. This research deals with human health risk assessment of metal contamination through the consumption of fish at selected river in kuantan, pahang. Therefore, its study constitutes a tool for environmental assessment and for determining public health risk reinfelder et al. Heavy metals contamination and what are the impacts on. Heavy metals like mercury and cadmium are known to accumulate in marine organisms and cause rapid genetic changes nimmo et al. The rest of selected heavy metals were still not detected in tilapia table 3. Arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead and mercury are the most common heavy metals which can pollute the environment. Comparison of heavy metals burden in two fresh water fish. In the present study, the bioaccumulation of heavy metals cr, cu, cd, pb content were determined in freshwater edible fishes cyprinus carpio linnaeus and pelteobagrus fluvidraco, which were caught from the meiliang bay, taihu lake, a large, shallow and eutrophic lake of china.
The studied fish species pose non carcinogenic risk for co and ni target hazard quotient thq 1 only. Effect of heavy metals on liver, kidney, gills and muscles of. Al, cu, fe and zn were detected by the icpoes although concentration of as, cd and pb were consistently below the detection limit. The results obtained showed that the concentration of heavy metal in water zn. The digests allowed to cool then transferred to 25 ml volumetric flask and fill up to the level with deionized water 20. Consumption of fish from polluted environment should be discouraged. Maximum permissible limit mpl of pb and cd in fish tissues and water.
The metal content in the fish dorsal muscle was estimated because of its significance for human consumption and the fish liver was also measured since this organ tends to concentrate metals, it is also a good indicator of chronic exposure to heavy metals because it is the site of metal metabolism usero et al. Fish has been recognized as an important food source for the human body. Concentration of heavy metals zn, cd, pb in kidney and gill. Results showed that according to metals levels, consumption of studied fish had no threat to consumers health. Pollution of rivers causes the degradation of biodiversity. Bioaccumulation level of heavy metals compared in the tissuesorgans of c.
Comparative assessment and source identification of heavy. After digestion, the sample was allowed to cool and filtered. Bioaccumulation of some heavy metals in tilapia fish relevant to their concentration in water and sediment of wadi hanifah, saudi arabia abdelbaki, a. The gill is an important site for the entry of heavy metals heavy metals gills liver kidney flesh cr ni cd pb 0. Heavy metals thus discharged from the source, leach into underground waters, deposits in the aquifer, or are washed away by runoff into surface waters. Heavy metal levels in water, sediment and fish samples were analyzed by inductively coupled. The accumulation of heavy metals in fish species were analyzed at the end of the experimental period and compared with the experimental fish, which were exposed to the selected heavy metals table 1.
Heavy metals in marine fish meat and consumer health. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish, squids and. Heavy metalscontamination creates problem in those species. The content of heavy metals in the fish species differed depending on the size, sampling site, or, in some cases, season. Thus the fish species sold in the market at the time of study were safe for consumption. Heavy metal bioaccumulation in fish is important because fish tissues have higher uptake levels of some metals e. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in organs of fresh water. The acidic conditions of aquatic environment might cause free divalent ions of many heavy metals to be absorbed by fish gills 2. Fish species, gwagwalada, heavy metals, bioaccumulation. International national standards for heavy metals in food. Water quality studies indicate that this is not due to a chemical reduction of available cadmium in hard water and no significant differences in cadmium uptake were detected between fish from the two levels of.
After that, the sample was introduced onto heat at 6080oc for 3 hours for digestion. Heavy metals such as copper, iron, chromium and nickel are essential metals since their play an important role in. This research work was conducted to assess the concentration of heavy metals namely, zn, mn, cu, fe, pb and cd in three matrices including sediment, water and fish organs gills, flesh, kidney and liver. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in some tissues of fish in lake. Effects of heavy metals cd, cu, cr, pb, zn on fish. Concentrations of heavy metals in fish all heavy metals bioccumulated at varying levels on a dry weight basis. Levels of bioaccumulation of some heavy metals in fish. Reports using levels of heavy metals in fish to indicate and assess the contamination of heavy metals in water have been found to be very useful for environmental monitoring rashed, 2001. However, the content of toxic heavy metals in fish can counteract the positive effects of the omega3 fatty acids present in fish and their beneficial effects on heart disease risk chan and egeland, 2004. Human health risks from heavy metals in fish of buriganga.
Bioaccumulation of heavy metals zn, pb, cd, and cu was determined in the liver, gills, and flesh from benthic and pelagic fish species. Determination of heavy metal levels in fishes from the lower. Heavy metals normally occur in nature and are essential to life but can become toxic through accumulation in organisms. Abstract the numerous health benefits provided by fish consumption may be compromised by the presence of toxic metals and metalloids such. Characteristic levels of heavy metals in canned tuna fish. The elements cd, pb, ni and cr were assayed using shimadzu aa 6200 atomic absorption spectrophotometery and. The study suggested that the presence of toxic heavy metals in aquatic environment has strong influence on the hematological parameters in the fresh water fish common carp cyprinus carpio l. Other factors include species of fish and its location, diet and habitat. Assessment of heavy metal residues in water, fish tissue and human. Eating certain kinds of fish has become a major health concern due to the amount of heavy metals and other contaminants in water pollution. Accumulation of heavy metals in fishes of freshwater lakes of india harsimran kaur brar m. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in organs of fresh water fish cyprinus carpio common carp abstract.
Determination of heavy metals in fish tissues and water. Now days the potential toxic effect of heavy metals in the aquatic organisms has been intensively studied. Introduction heavy metals from natural sources and. The muscles, liver, gonads and gills are the tissues of fish that have been used in research works of heavy metals in wide ranges 1. These include time, temperature, interacting agents, age of the fish, metabolic activity of metal accumulation in certain marine animals. Seafood is a healthy source of iodine, essential fats and easily digested protein and is often considered a healthy addition to any diet. Heavy metal toxicity to fish and the influence of water. Heavy metals mercury, arsenic, cadmium, plumbum in. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in some tissues of fish in the.
Human health risk assessment of metal contamination through. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in some tissues of fish in. Analysis of heavy metals in water and fish tilapia sp. Accumulation of heavy metals fe, mn, cu, zn, ni, pb, cd and. Fish have been widely used worldwide as a bioindicator of pollution by heavy metals. Fish are one of the most widely distributed organisms in the aquatic environment and considered as one of the main protein sources of food for human rashed, 2001. The numerous health benefits provided by fish consumption may be compromised by the presence of toxic metals and metalloids such as lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury, which can have harmful effects on the human body if consumed in toxic quantities. What is the permissible limit of heavy metals and trace elements in fish tissue as given by who or fao. Heavy metals have the tendency to accumulate in various organs of fish which in turn may enter into human metabolism through consumption causing serious health hazards khalifa et al. Effects on heavy metal accumulation in freshwater fishes. So the heavy metals content in fishery products need to be well.
The presence of these metals analysed in the body parts of fish serves as an indicator for the extent of heavy metal pollution of the water body from where these aquatic organisms fish are obtained. Name of the heavy metals mpl in fish tissues in mgkg mpl in water in mgl pb 2. Mar 10, 2008 the objective of the present study is to determine the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in various organs of the fresh water fish exposed to heavy metal contaminated water system. Toxicity tests with rainbow trout confirm that cadmium is less toxic in hard water 96 hr lc502. Heavy metals exist naturally in the soil from the soil forming processes of disintegration of parent resources at rare levels heavy metal bioaccumulation in fish is important because fish tissues have higher uptake levels of some metals e. Human health risks were evaluated from consumption of heavy metal contaminated fish from buriganga river in bangladesh. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals zn, pb, cd, and cu was determined in the liver, gills, and flesh from benthic and pelagic fish species collected from lake geriyo covering two seasons. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish species from the. Bioaccumulation of some heavy metals in fish samples from.
Alweher mutah university department of biological sciences, karak, jordan abstract cd, cu and zn concentrations were determined in muscle. The concentrations of heavy metals cu, zn, pb, cd, fe and mn were measured in the liver, gills and muscles of fourteen benthic and pelagic fish species collected from three main landing areas shalateen, hurghada and suez in the egyptian red sea. Jargensen and pedersen 1994, reported several factors that influence the elimination of metals from the body of marine animals. The aim of this current study is to analyze the heavy metals uptake efficiency of various fish species found from the danube river, between the area of 73. Within the fisheries sector, the issue of heavy metals is particularly relevant to large pelagic fish, such as tuna and swordfish. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in organs of fresh water fish. Heavy metals contents of some synthetic fish feeds found within makurdi metropolis article pdf available in international journal of food safety nutrition and public health 22. Accumulation of heavy metals and human health risk assessment. Gaza strip, heavy metals, commercial fish, accumulation factor, consumption safety, wet digestion. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in channa punctatus bloch. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in marine fish samples. Generally speaking, the larger and older the fish, the higher the level of heavy metal contamination. Among the contaminants, heavy metals should be highlighted due to the consequences of their bioaccumulation in aquatic ecosystems nadmitov et al.
Issn 19956673 pages 41 46 jordan journal of biological sciences levels of heavy metal cd, cu and zn in three fish species collected from the northern jordan valley, jordan s. Quantitative trace level heavy metals cd, cr and pb. Fish is widely consumed in many parts of the world because it has high protein content, low saturated fat and also contains omega fatty acids known to support good health ikem and egiebor, 2005. The presence of heavy metals in fish meat from danube. Determination of heavy metals in fish tissues and water from. Then, 5 ml of 65% nitric acid was added and the mix was stored at room temperature for 1 day. The concentrations of heavy metals in organs of fish show that the aquatic environment is polluted 3. Heavy metal concentrations in commercially available. The effects of heavy metals on aquatic animals khayatzadeh j. These fish are at the top of the food chain and therefore tend to accumulate higher quantities of heavy metals, especially mercury, in their muscular tissues. International national standards for heavy metals in food dr yy choi chemist.
Assessment of heavy metals in water, fish and sediments. The results showed that the cr, cu, cd and pb content in the edible parts of the two fish. Department of biology, sciences faculty, islamic azad university, mashhad branch, mashhad, iran email. Heavy metal concentrations in ten species of fishes caught.
The concentrations of heavy metals cu, zn, pb, cd, fe and mn were measured in the liver, gills and muscles of fourteen benthic and pelagic. Three fish species carassius auratus, pelteobagrus fulvidraco, and squaliobarbus curriculus were collected from xiang river near changsha city, southern china. The concentrations of heavy metals al, as, cd, cu, fe, pb and zn in fish at the three different. Heavy metals taken up by an organism are distributed to different organs of the fish, because of the chemical assemblage between them. The food standards code for australia and new zealand fsanz, 2008, has set maximum levels for the heavy metals mercury, lead, cadmium and arsenic in our food. Differential bioaccumulation of heavy metals in selected. It was revealed that fish can bioaccumulate heavy metals from a polluted environment, which may result in reduction or impairment of natural population size and could be a risk to consumers. Bioaccumulation of mercury, cadmium, zinc, chromium, and lead. Fish constitute an important source of protein for many people throughout the world and fish consumption has increased in importance among healthconscious people because it provides healthy and low cholesterol sources of protein and other nutrients 5 burger j, gochfeld m. The increasing amounts of heavy metals entering aquatic environments can result in. Heavy metals, hematology, blood glucose, common carp, cyprinus carpio l. The muscle tissue of fish is the main edible part of the fish, hence, it was the target tissue for this research analysis. Among the analysed metals in muscle tissue of sampled fish, only mercury exceeded the maximal level 0.
Freshwater fishes are similar to sea water fishes which play an important role in determining residents diet ahmad et al. Bioaccumulation of mercury, cadmium, zinc, chromium. Pdf bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish hydrocynus. Fish that are at the top of the ocean food chain tend to contain more mercury. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish tilapia zilli and. Pdf effect of different heavy metal pollution on fish. The concentrations of heavy metals including arsenic as, cadmium cd, copper cu, iron fe, manganese mn, lead pb, and zinc zn in the muscle, gill, and liver of three species were.